The patients should be educated about the start-up symptoms of HRT. These inclede: -Breast tenderness -Nipple sensitivity -Rise in appetite -Weight gain -Cramps in the calf Patients should be informed that during starting the HRT symptoms similar to early pregnancy will be common.These symptoms usually remit at about 12 to 14 weeks of gestation. Patients [...]

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Weather to take postmenopausal hormonal therapy or not is one of the most complex health care decisions facing women. It is also a complex decision for doctors to determine which of their patients will benefit from postmenopausal hormonal replacement therapy. In the United States about 30% of postmenopausal women use hormonal replacement therapy. Please do [...]

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1)Natural Menopause Fertility and ovarian mass declines sharply after the age of 35 years. There is depletion of primary follicles (a process that begins before birth) steadily until menopause. The primodial follicles are about 1.5 million at birth. Most of these primodial follicles become atretic. Only about 400 to 400,000 follicles at puberty will progress [...]

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Benefits of Postmenopausal Hormone Therapy i) Symptoms of menopause: estrogen therapy is very effective in reducing vasomotor (eg hot flushes)and genitourinary symptoms. For genitourinary symptoms (such as vaginal atrophy), vaginal estrogen is as good as transdermal or oral estrogen. Vasomotor symptoms may be reduced by venlafaxine, 75 to 150mg/d, clonidine 0.1 to 0.2 mg/d or [...]

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Summary of the Physical symptoms of menopause -Tiredness -Hot flushes -Night sweats -Insomnia -Vaginal dryness -Urinary frequency Summary of the Psychological symptoms of menopause -Mood swings -Anxiety -Loss of short-term memory -Lack of concentration -Loss of self-confidence -Depression i) Hot flushes: This is the second most common symptom of menopause (after irregular menses and cessation [...]

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What is menopause? Menopause is the final cessation of menstruation.It can be either a normal part of ageing or as a result of surgical removal of both ovaries. Menopause is derived from two ancient greek words menos (month) and pausos (ending). That is the end of the menstrual cycle which occurs monthly. Menopause does not [...]

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